Distingsi dan Diaspora Tasawuf Abû al-Ḥasan al-Shâdhilî
Main Article Content
Abstract
This article discusses Shâdhilîyah, one of the most recognized Sufi orders, which possesses quite distinct aspects in the conception of its mystical teachings. This sufi order was founded by Abû al-Ḥasan al-Shâdhilî, a Sufi who has a moderate and open view of the worldly life. Al-Shâdhilî explained how a Sufi should behave towards and deal with worldly matters. Although al-Shâdhilî asserted that a person who practices Sufism should not pay more adoration to the worldly matters (hubb al-dunyâ), the person does not have to abhor and leave such lively aspects as wealth and position behind. The most important thing to a Sufi, according to al-Shadhili, is how he obeys the requirements of shar‘ by avoiding away from immoral deeds and at the same time recognizing God in his heart (ma‘rifat Allâh). Al-Shâdhilî initiated tasawuf ‘amalî which is affiliated to the Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamâ‘ah school, an Islamic mystical thought that adheres to the principles of sharî‘ah based on the foundation of al-Qur’ân dan H}adîth. The concept of al-Shâdhilî’s Sufism has been subsequently revealed into the great Sufi order spectrum, namely al-Shâdhilîyah, where during its historical development this Sufi order has led to the emergence of many branches with different names.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Licensing
© The Author(s). Published by Department of Aqidah and Islamic Philosophy, Faculty of Ushuluddin and Philosophy, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya, Indonesia.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).
References
Baldick, Julian. Islam Mistik Mengantar Anda ke Dunia Tasawuf, terj. Sastrio Wahono. Jakarta: PT. Serambi Ilmu, 2002.
Danner, Victor. Tarekat Syadzilîyah dan Tasawuf di Afrika Utara. New York: Islamic Spirituality, 1991.
Farghalî, ‘Abd al-Hafîz. al-Tasawwuf wa al-Hayât al-‘Asrîyah. Kairo: al-Hayât al-‘Âmmah, 1974.
Ghazâlî (al), Abû Hâmid Muhammad b. Muhammad. Ihyâ’ Ulûm al-Dîn. Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmîyah, 1987.
Husaynî (al), Mahmûd Shukrî b. ‘Abd Allâh b. Shihâb al-Dîn Mahmûd al-Alûsî. Rûh al-Ma‘ânî fî Tafsîr al-Qur’ân al-‘Azîm wa al-Sab‘ al-Mathânî. Beirut: Dâr Ihyâ’ al-Turâth al-‘Arabî, t.th.
Isa, Abdul Qodir. Hakekat Tasawuf. Jakarta: Qisthi Press, 2005.
‘Iyâd, Ahmad b. Muhammad b. al-Mafâkhir al-‘Âlîyah fî al-Ma’âthir al-Shâdhilîyah. t.t.: Manârâ Qudsî, t.th.
Jâbirî (al), Muhammad ‘Âbid. Takwîn al-ʻAql al-ʻArabî. Beirut: al-Markaz al-Thaqâfî al-ʻArabî, 1991.
Kumashkhânawî (al), Diyâ’ al-Dîn Ahmad b. Mustafâ. Jâmi‘ al-Usûl fî al-Awliyâ’. Jeddah: al-Haramayn, t.th.
Lubis, Amany. Sistem Pemerintahan Oligarki dalam Sejarah Islam. Jakarta: UIN Jakarta Press, 2005.
Maghribî (al), Abû ‘Alî al-Hasan b. Muhammad b. Qâsim al-Kawhin al-Fâsî. Tabaqât al-Shâdhilîyah al-Kubrâ. Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmîyah, 2001.
Mahmûd, ‘Abd al-Halîm. Hayât Abî al-Hasan al-Shâdhilî. Kairo: Dâr al-Turâth, 1967.
-----. Qadîyat al-Tasawwuf al-Madrasah al-Shâdhilîyah. Kairo: Dâr al-Ma‘ârif, 1988.
Mulyati, Sri. Mengenal dan Memahami Tarekat-tarekat Muktabarah di Indonesia. Jakarta: Kencana, 2006.
Nasr, Seyyed Hossein (ed.). Ensiklopedi Tematis Spiritualitas Islam: Manifestasi, terj. Tim Penerjemah Mizan. Bandung: Mizan, 2003.
Naysâbûrî (al), Abû al-Qâsim ‘Abd al-Karîm Hawâzin al-Qushayrî. Risâlah Qushairîyah: Sumber Kajian Ilmu Tasawuf, terj. Umar Faruq. Jakarta: Pustaka Amami, 2007.
Redaksi, Dewan. Ensiklopedi Islam, Vol. 3. Jakarta: Ichtiar Baru Van Hoeve, Cet. 4, 1997.
Sâbûnî (al), Muhammad ‘Alî. Safwat al-Tafâsîr, Vol. 2. Lebanon: Dâr al-Qalam, t.th.
Sakandarî (al), Ibn ‘Atâ’ Allâh. Latâ’if al-Minan. Kairo: Matba‘ah Hasân, 1974.
Siregar, Rivai. Tasawuf: dari Sufisme Klasik ke Neo-Sufisme. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 1999.
Solihin, Mukhtar., dan Anwar, Rosihon. Ilmu Tasawuf. Bandung: Pustaka Setia, 2000.
Solihin., M. dan Anwar, Rosihon. Kamus Tasawuf. Bandung: Rosda, 2002.
Tûsî (al), Abû Nasr al-Sarrâj. al-Luma‘, ed. al-Halîm Ahmâd dan Tâhâ ‘Abd al-Bâqî Surûr. Kairo: Dâr al-Thaqâfah al-Dînîyah, t.th.
Taftazanî (al), Abû al-Wafâ al-Ghanimî al-Taftazanî, Sufi dari Zaman ke Zaman. Bandung: Pustaka, 1997.
-----. Madkhal ilâ al-Tasawwuf al-Islâmî. Kairo: Dâr al-Thaqâfah, 1976.
Trimingham, J. Spencer. The Sufi Orders in Islam. New York: Oxford University Press, 1971.